王晶晶

安(an)科瑞電氣股(gu)份有限公(gong)司 上海嘉定 201801

摘要：《2020 年政府工作報告(gao)》指出：加強新(xin)(xin)(xin)型基礎設施(shi)建(jian)設，發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)一(yi)(yi)代信(xin)息(xi)網絡，拓(tuo)展(zhan) 5G 應(ying)用，建(jian)設數據中心，增(zeng)加充(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)、換電站等(deng)設施(shi)，推(tui)廣(guang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽(qi)車(che)，激發(fa)新(xin)(xin)(xin)消(xiao)費需求、助力產(chan)業升級。充(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)作為新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽(qi)車(che)產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)與(yu)推(tui)廣(guang)的(de)(de)配套設施(shi)，將迎來高速發(fa)展(zhan)機(ji)遇。《實施(shi)城市(shi)更新(xin)(xin)(xin)行動(dong)》明確：加強城鎮老舊(jiu)小區(qu)改(gai)造(zao)，是重(zhong)大的(de)(de)民生工程(cheng)和發(fa)展(zhan)工程(cheng)。目前在多重(zhong)政策推(tui)動(dong)下(xia)，各(ge)地紛紛制定了技術導則(ze)，老舊(jiu)小區(qu)改(gai)造(zao)分為“基礎類(lei)"“完善類(lei)"“提(ti)升類(lei)"。國家啟動(dong)“新(xin)(xin)(xin)基建(jian)"，國家發(fa)改(gai)委“關(guan)于(yu)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)提(ti)升電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充(chong)電基礎設施(shi)服 務保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)力的(de)(de)實施(shi)意見"（發(fa)改(gai)能(neng)(neng)源規〔2022〕53 號） 發(fa)布(bu)，都將會(hui)加大老舊(jiu)小區(qu)充(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)建(jian)設步(bu)伐，積極滿 足老舊(jiu)小區(qu)居民關(guan)于(yu)電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充(chong)電的(de)(de)迫切需求。

關鍵字： 充(chong)電樁  變(bian)壓器  安全

1 趨勢(shi)分析

根據 GB / T 51313 - 2018 《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)分散充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)工程技(ji)術(shu)標準》（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng) 《汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標準》）第(di)(di)(di)3.0.2條第(di)(di)(di)1款：“新建住(zhu)宅配(pei)建停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)(wei)應100 %建設(she)(she)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)或(huo)預留(liu)建設(she)(she)安(an)(an)裝條件"不適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)老(lao)舊(jiu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)改造(zao)。由(you)(you)于老(lao)舊(jiu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)般建于2000年(nian)年(nian)底以(yi)前(qian)(qian)，不同于棚(peng)改的(de)(de)“推倒重建"，而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)在既有(you)(you)(you)基礎上“提(ti)檔(dang)升(sheng)(sheng)級"，只能依據第(di)(di)(di)3.0.2條第(di)(di)(di)3款：“既有(you)(you)(you)停(ting)車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)(wei)配(pei)建分散充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)，宜結合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需(xu)求和(he)(he)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網現狀合理(li)規劃(hua)、分步實施(shi)"。老(lao)舊(jiu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)因(yin)前(qian)(qian)期用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規 劃(hua)中未(wei)涉及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)，當時設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)變(bian)壓器(qi)容量也因(yin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力發展負(fu)荷容量逐步增大而(er)(er)接近飽(bao)和(he)(he)，導致后期加裝充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)變(bian)得非常困(kun)難(nan)。本文不討(tao)論充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)安(an)(an)裝地點選擇困(kun)難(nan)、增容影響小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網正常運(yun)轉等難(nan)點問(wen)(wen)題，僅(jin)討(tao)論老(lao)舊(jiu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)如(ru)(ru)何在不增容的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)提(ti)下盡可能多(duo)地增設(she)(she)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，以(yi)滿足(zu)居(ju)民的(de)(de)強(qiang)烈需(xu)求。筆者調(diao)研了所在城市(shi) 2 個(ge)上世紀90 年(nian)代的(de)(de)典型老(lao)舊(jiu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)(shi)某醫院(yuan)家屬院(yuan)（簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng) A 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)），一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)(shi)多(duo)層住(zhu)宅小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)（簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng) B 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)）。A 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)變(bian)壓器(qi)除(chu)承(cheng)擔住(zhu)宅用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)外(wai)還承(cheng)擔一(yi)部(bu)分醫院(yuan)附屬用(yong)(yong)(yong)房(fang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，包括燃氣鍋爐房(fang)、食(shi)堂、后勤(qin)辦(ban)(ban)公，鍋爐房(fang)負(fu)荷容量 60 kW 僅(jin)在冬(dong)季投入；B 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)變(bian)壓器(qi)承(cheng)擔住(zhu)宅用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)臨街(jie)商鋪用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，變(bian)壓器(qi)負(fu)載率調(diao)研數據如(ru)(ru)表(biao) 1 所示。由(you)(you)表(biao) 1 可看出 A 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)變(bian)壓器(qi)尚有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)部(bu)分冗余，B 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)變(bian)壓器(qi)容量接近飽(bao)和(he)(he)，沒有(you)(you)(you)擴容可能，但(dan)谷峰差異比較懸殊。經(jing)調(diao)研，居(ju)民對充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)(you)(you)需(xu)求，而(er)(er)物業部(bu)門(men)由(you)(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力負(fu)荷不夠、車(che)(che)(che)位(wei)(wei)較少、如(ru)(ru)何收費、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)如(ru)(ru)何選擇、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)(an)全(quan)等問(wen)(wen)題制約表(biao)示很(hen)無(wu)奈。經(jing)筆者溝(gou)通，物業部(bu)門(men)表(biao)示只要在不增容的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)提(ti)下，也愿意想辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)改造(zao)增設(she)(she)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)，畢竟這是(shi)(shi)大勢所趨，也是(shi)(shi)老(lao)舊(jiu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)改造(zao)中“提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)類"的(de)(de)要求。

表 1 老舊小(xiao)區變壓(ya)器負載率

2 老(lao)舊小區改造中充電樁的選擇應用

電動汽(qi)車(che)充電樁分為交流和直流兩(liang)類(lei)，如(ru)表 2 所示(shi)。鑒(jian)于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁有“交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)慢速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"和(he)“直流(liu)(liu)快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)，結(jie)合(he)老舊(jiu)(jiu)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)居(ju)民出行(xing)規律允許(xu)有較長的(de)(de)(de)(de)持續充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間，尤其(qi)是(shi)有峰(feng)谷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價調節地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)民用(yong)戶(hu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏感度(du)更強，適(shi)合(he)選(xuan)擇(ze)“交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)" 方(fang)式。交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁接(jie)入220 V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源就可以使用(yong)，并(bing)且交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)單相充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁最大(da)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功率(lv)是(shi) 7 kW，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)小(xiao)于(yu)32A；而直流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功率(lv)一般都在(zai) 30 kW 以上，單槍的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)較大(da)，這對變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)容量(liang)和(he)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)都是(shi)一個巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)考(kao)驗，一般老舊(jiu)(jiu)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)甚至一臺都安(an)裝(zhuang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)了。從安(an)裝(zhuang)角(jiao)度(du)考(kao)慮(lv)，直流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁安(an)裝(zhuang)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)比(bi)較高(gao)(gao)，線(xian)路(lu)敷設甚至比(bi)設備成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)還要高(gao)(gao)。因此(ci)，交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)單相 7kW慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁適(shi)合(he)老舊(jiu)(jiu)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改造。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)具有間歇(xie)性和(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)規律性，集(ji)中充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)易(yi)導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網常規用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)重(zhong)(zhong)疊，會影響小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網正常運(yun)行(xing)，只(zhi)有實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)布(bu)錯峰(feng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，才能避(bi)免充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)(he)與生活用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)時(shi)段重(zhong)(zhong)疊。這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)話，在(zai)現有小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)增容的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，通(tong)過(guo)制定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)有序充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)策略(lve)，合(he)理控制輸出功率(lv)，就能滿足車(che)輛的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求。

表 2 電動汽車(che)充電樁分類

3 分時(shi)共享有序(xu)充電系統的解決(jue)方案

圖 1 系(xi)統圖

  針對老舊(jiu)(jiu)小區(qu)改造(zao)中充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)應(ying)用難(nan)題，電(dian)(dian)動汽車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)分時共享、有序(xu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)管理系(xi)統可以滿足老舊(jiu)(jiu)小區(qu)的改造(zao)需求。系(xi)統通過監測配電(dian)(dian)變壓器(qi)功率限(xian)值、實(shi)時負荷及上(shang)級系(xi)統的控(kong)制(zhi)指令等情(qing)況，動態控(kong)制(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)的上(shang)線數(shu)量、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)輸(shu)出等，從而實(shi)現(xian)小區(qu)電(dian)(dian)網“車 - 樁(zhuang)(zhuang) - 網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)"協調調度，如圖 1 所(suo)示。配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)監控管(guan)(guan)(guan)理裝置通(tong)過通(tong)信(xin)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡運營管(guan)(guan)(guan)理平(ping)臺之間實現以太網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)通(tong)信(xin)，測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓器的(de)(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)，實時上傳配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、功(gong)率、負(fu)(fu)載冗余量(liang)(liang)(liang)等(deng)參數(shu)，運營管(guan)(guan)(guan)理云(yun)平(ping)臺根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)參數(shu)信(xin)息對充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接入(ru)、退出(chu)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、輔源輸出(chu)等(deng)運行(xing)狀態(tai)進行(xing)控制(zhi)操作；網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡運營管(guan)(guan)(guan)理平(ping)臺通(tong)過以太網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)通(tong)信(xin)方式分別與(yu)交(jiao)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)控單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)和直(zhi)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)控單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)連接；交(jiao)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)和直(zhi)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)均通(tong)過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)主(zhu)(zhu)控單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、保(bao)護及監測(ce)(ce)(ce)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、刷卡(ka)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、計(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、費用結算(suan)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、人機(ji)交(jiao)互單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、輸出(chu)單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)、輔助電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源切換單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)來實現交(jiao)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)和直(zhi)流(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控制(zhi)引導、安全(quan)保(bao)護及監測(ce)(ce)(ce)、人機(ji)交(jiao)互、計(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)及費用核算(suan)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)記錄及故障信(xin)息存儲；網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡運營管(guan)(guan)(guan)理平(ping)臺與(yu)手機(ji) APP 客戶端相互通(tong)信(xin)。實時監測(ce)(ce)(ce)變壓器負(fu)(fu)荷(he)，當(dang)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)超(chao)過50%時，系(xi)統(tong)會限制(zhi)新增(zeng)開(kai)始充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率，降為(wei)50%，當(dang)變壓器負(fu)(fu)荷(he)超(chao)過80%時，系(xi)統(tong)將不允許新增(zeng)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)開(kai)始充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直(zhi)到負(fu)(fu)荷(he)下(xia)降為(wei)止，大幅度提升(sheng)了配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力，在不進行(xing)小區配網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)升(sheng)級改造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)，使得充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安裝量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)加，同時實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)削峰填谷(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標。

 ASCP200-40B防火(huo)限(xian)流式保護(hu)器是安科(ke)瑞專門(men)為了保護(hu)低壓配電線路中短路、過載(zai)、超溫、漏電和過/欠壓等問題研發(fa)，可(ke)以有效克服(fu)傳統斷路(lu)(lu)器、空氣開關和監控(kong)設備存在(zai)的短(duan)路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)流大、切斷短(duan)路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)流時間長、短(duan)路(lu)(lu)時產(chan)生的電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)火花大，以及使用壽命短(duan)等弊(bi)端，當(dang)發(fa)生短(duan)路(lu)(lu)故(gu)障時，能(neng)以微秒(miao)級速(su)度快速(su)限制短(duan)路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)流以實現滅(mie)弧(hu)保護，從(cong)而能(neng)顯著(zhu)減少電(dian)(dian)氣火災事故(gu)，保障使用場所人員和財產(chan)的安全(quan)。

4 結語

城鎮(zhen)老舊小區改(gai)造中增設充電設施是帶動(dong)電動(dong)汽車(che)消費，引/領(ling)低碳生活、推(tui)進(jin)綠色(se)發(fa)展的重(zhong)要舉措，設(she)(she)計人員應根據小區(qu)(qu)實際情況設(she)(she)計安全的充(chong)(chong)電設(she)(she)施，盡可能在不進(jin)行小區(qu)(qu)配網升級(ji)改造(zao)的情況下進(jin)行部署(shu)。并通(tong)過智能物(wu)聯(lian)、分(fen)時共享、有序充(chong)(chong)電等新技術實現電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)參與(yu)電力運行削峰填谷(gu)，提高(gao)電網效率(lv)，推(tui)動(dong)充(chong)(chong)電樁在智慧交通(tong)、智慧城市建設(she)(she)中發(fa)揮重(zhong)要作用。